EDITORIAL & i-BASE APPEAL

CONFERENCE REPORTS:
48th Annual International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC)

• Introduction

ICAAC: PREGNANCY & MTCT

• Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry finds no increase in congenital anomalies with exposure to tenofovir
• No association between maternal antiretrovirals in pregnancy and congenital anomalies
• Pharmacokinetics of saquinavir/ritonavir in pregnancy
• Course of labour in pregnant HIV-positive women with no contraindication for vaginal delivery
• Four weeks of antiretroviral prophylaxis is sufficient for HIV-exposed infants

ICAAC: WOMEN’S HEALTH

• HAART suppresses genital tract HIV shedding in HIV/HSV co-infected women
• Efavirenz significantly reduces levels of some oral contraceptives

ICAAC: PAEDIATRIC CARE

• Lack of efficacy of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis and PK evaluation in South African infants
• 48-week data for darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) in treatment-experienced children and adolescents
• Greater lipodystrophy risk in older US children with low viral load

ICAAC: ANTIRETROVIRALS

• Studies of pipeline drugs: RDEA806, PRO140, beviramat, elvucitabine
• Maraviroc trial results reanalysed using more sensitive CCR5 tropism test
• Other antiretroviral studies at ICAAC
• Early HAART may improve survival
• Raltegravir in treatment-naïve patients
• Darunavir is comparable to lopinavir in treatment-naive patients
• Atazanavir is comparable to lopinavir in treatment-naive patients

ICAAC: SIDE EFFECTS & COMPLICATIONS

• High rate of rash in HIV-negative volunteers combining raltegravir and darunavir
• Bone loss in SMART study
• Parathyroid hormone and vitamin D levels in patients using tenofovir
• Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) may underestimate glycaemia in patients with diabetes on HIV therapy
• Statin use in HIV-positive patients
• Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common among HIV-positive patients

ICAAC: TRANSMISSION

• HIV reinfection reported in 10% of couples in Zambian study

ICAAC: DRUG INTERACTIONS

• Drug interaction studies with approved drugs

TREATMENT ACCESS

• FDA approval of generic ARVs

ANTIRETROVIRALS

• FDA approves new paediatric AZT dosing
• US revisions to darunavir label include once-daily indication for naïve patients
• Baseline renal insufficiency and mortality risk in HIV-positive adults in Zambia
• Inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers linked to mortality in large treatment interruption trial

OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS

• Single high dose fluconazole for oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) comparable to standard 14-day treatment

GUIDELINES

• BHIVA Guidelines for Immunisation of HIV-infected Adults
• IAS (USA) resistance guidelines
• 2008 European Guidelines (EACS) online
• US guidelines updated - November 2008

PREGNANCY & PMTCT

• OCTANE Trial DSMB finds ritonavir-boosted lopinavir superior to nevirapine in HIV-positive women previously exposed to single dose nevirapine
• Antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes in Abijan, Cote D’Ivoire

PAEDIATRIC CARE

• Antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive children in Southern Africa

DRUG INTERACTIONS

• Key papers on methadone and ritonavir

BASIC SCIENCE & VACCINE RESEARCH

• Control of a superinfecting virus in an elite controller
• Second-oldest HIV-1 sequence identified
• Why do we not yet have an HIV vaccine?

OTHER NEWS

• Nobel Prize for medicine awarded to French discoverers of HIV
• Chinese AIDS activist wins human rights prize

ON THE WEB

• Abstracts from the 9th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIv Infection
• Abstracts from AIDS Vaccine 2008
• BHIVA Autumn Conference

FUTURE MEETINGS

PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES FROM i-BASE

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