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Index 
6.8 ARVs: resistance 
6.9 Screening and tests 
6.10 Other infections
Glossary 
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amniocentesis test in which cells around a fetus are removed and examined to detect genetic abnormalities.
anaemia shortage of oxygen-carrying red blood cells.
ARV anti-retroviral (treatment for HIV).
CD4 count number of CD4 cells in a drop of your blood. CD4 counts are measured in cells/mm3.
cervical smear test to look for abnormal cells in the cervix and uterus.
chorionic villus sampling test in which cells around an embryo are removed and examined to detect genetic abnormalities.
cordocentis test in which blood from the umbilical cord is removed and examined to detect genetic abnormalities.
gynaecological of the female reproductive system.
HIV human immunodeficiency virus.
internal fetal labour monitoring where an electrode is inserted through the vagina and placed on the baby's scalp to record the baby's heart rate during labour.
CMV cytomegalovirus, a viral infection.
fetal of the unborn baby.
hepatitis liver inflammation, usually caused by a virus.
syphilis a bacterial infection usually transmitted by sexual contact that can cause serious injury to an unborn baby.
TB tuberculosis, a bacterial infection that commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but which can affect other organs.
toxoplasmosis is an illness caused by a protozoa.
percutaneous umbilical cord sampling see cordocentis.
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HIV care in pregnancy should include screening for:
Sexually transmitted diseases and vaginal infections can increase HIV transmission.
Screening for toxoplasmosis and CMV may also be necessary. These are two common infections that can be transmitted to a baby. The tests should be performed as early as possible in pregnancy, and treated if necessary.
A clinic should provide a gynaecological check up. This will include a cervical smear. This is particularly important if a woman's CD4 count is below 200 cells/mm3.
HIV-positive pregnant women are advised to avoid these tests unless they are essential:
Index 6.8 ARVs: resistance 6.9 Screening and tests 6.10 Other infections
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Last updated on Monday 26th November 2007.
